There is nothing broken or OP in the superweapons. They work exactly the same way they did in diplomacy. It's just that the AI has heaps of money they don't use on fleets cause they barely build anything and never attack, so they sink all their money into superweapons and try to be annoying that way. You can literally walk through their planets because of that and end even higher AI levels within minutes once you have a sufficient fleet.

The AI is probably among the last things to be fixed, so if you want to play some non-annoying games right now try facing off with your friends instead of the AI.

Patches come out when the Devs feel they've accomplished major fixings or if they feel a new faction is ready to be played. Only patch announcement I ever had was when steam told me the game just finished updating.