The study seems to be more geared towards responsiveness of the programs running on the two operating systems than attempting to compare the drawing of the shells vs. performance.
It would seem that a change occurs when the PC warms up.
I have been running the RC2 5744 for a while now, and there may be some heat increase in the system, but I suspect this is due to a combination of the greater video adapter use when running 'Aero' and the increase in process count which requires more work by the CPU.
My observation has been that the Aero shell is drawn differently (or at least appears with a fade in/fade out behaviour) than the 'Basic' shell (which seems very similar to the way XP draws the shell).
I would say that the smartest thing to do if one wants to run Vista is to make sure the PC has a minimum of 256 MB memory on the adapter, and that the PC has a dual core processor. Anything less may prove to be a disappointing experience in using the machine on a daily basis. 