Here are the facts on the Yalta Conference:


The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, was the wartime meeting from February 4 to 11, 1945 between the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The delegations were headed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin respectively.

It was a continuation of the series of meetings begun at the Casablanca Conference (January 14 to 24, 1943) and was followed by Potsdam Conference. The meeting took place in the former Imperial palace at Yalta in the Crimea on the north side of the Black Sea.

The agreements of the Yalta conference were in dispute even before the final meeting at Potsdam. Following his death, Roosevelt was publicly accused of signing central and eastern Europe into Communist control, as both Churchill and Roosevelt did not accept the requests by the Polish government in exile for international control over the countries such as Poland that were occupied by the Soviets. Moreover, no other governments were allowed to send representatives to Yalta nor were they notified of the decisions made at the meeting.

The official agreements reached at the meeting included:

The declaration of liberated Europe, allowing for democratic elections in all the liberated territories. In reality for countries occupied by the Red Army as Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia this remained only a declaration. Elections in those countries were heavily rigged in favour of Soviet-controlled communist parties while members of other political parties were persecuted and murdered by NKVD and NKVD-controlled local security forces. Similarly, Western colonial powers such as France were allowed to reenter their former colonies, most notably percipitating the decades long conflict in Vietnam (see Western betrayal)
A conference in April in San Francisco on the proposed world organization, the United Nations (UN). The structure of the UN was also considered and the Security Council idea was agreed upon. The US and UK also agreed to support the Ukrainian and Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republics having separate UN seats. A UN territorial trusteeship (as later stipulated in the United Nations Charter article 76 and 77) would also be applied to existing mandates of the League of Nations and territories detached from the enemy as a result of the war.
The dismemberment, disarmament and demilitarization of Germany, which the three powers saw as "requisite for future peace and security". The country was to be divided into zones amongst the Allies. The French were also granted a zone of occupation and membership of the Allied Control Council for Germany.
Reparations from Germany for "losses caused by her to the Allied nations in the course of the war". Reparations were allowed in the form of the removal of national wealth (machine tools, ships, shares in German enterprises, etc.), the annual delivery of goods for a period to be fixed, or the use of German labour. The Americans and Russians agreed on the figure of $22 billion in reparations, while the British delegation did not believe a final figure could yet be arrived at.
The question of war crimes was postponed.
Poland was to have a "broad democratic provisional government" leading up to "free and unfettered elections as soon as possible on the basis of universal suffrage and secret ballot". As it was already mentioned this was only a declaration, the reality was heavily rigged elections and totalitarian communist dictatorship introduced by the Soviets.
In Yugoslavia the Tito-Šubašiæ Agreement would be put into effect, merging the Royal and Communist governments.
The Soviets agreed to intervene in the war with Japan within three months of the German surrender. In return they would be given the Sakhalin and Kurile Islands and pre-eminent interests over Port Arthur and Darien (Dalian) and its rail connections.
Concerns over the Italo-Yugoslav and Italo-Austrian frontiers were postponed as were decisions over Yugoslav-Bulgarian relations, Romania, Iran, and the Montreux Convention.
All captured Soviet nationals be repatriated whether they were willing or not.
With regards to the future of Germany, the Yalta conference was extremely ambigious. The Allies were committed only to 'the complete disarmament, demilitarization and the dismemberment of Germany as they deem requisite for future peace and security.' This formulation permitted scope for future modifications and moreover essentially gave each a free hand to impose and practice its own interpretation of decision.

It is unclear whether the fate of the Crimean Tatars deported earlier on 18 May 1944 was discussed.

The Yalta Conference is often cited as the symbol of Western betrayal or the beginning of the Cold War. In May 2005 US President George W. Bush said that the Soviet domination of central and eastern Europe after World War II was "one of the greatest wrongs of history" and acknowledged that the United States played a significant role in the division of the continent and that the Yalta conference "followed in the unjust tradition of Munich and the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact. (...) Once again, when powerful governments negotiated, the freedom of small nations was somehow expendable."

However, it can be argued that the failure was not in the Yalta Agreement, but in the Soviets' failure to keep their word. The Yalta Agreement guaranteed free elections for Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, but Stalin broke his word and made U.S.S.R. a dictatorship. The United States did not respond because they feared a third world war and because of (by 1949) a threat of nuclear war. Roosevelt did not cede to Stalin the right to control Eastern Europe the way that Stalin did so.

Squirrel Note: Yalta and Potsdam were considered errors before Bush was born.

Well, a good many of the soldiers in the Soviet Army weren't communists at all, just simple peasants who had to fight. The Germans often went through the Soviet POWs and killed the and Communists (Jews too) among them, and they weren't in the majority.

But Bahu, I'm afraid you need to qualify your statements with something. What are you referring to?

I like to think of the Soviet military effort in WWII as very much like Homer Simpson in the episode where he was a boxer. Let the other guy wear himself out by punching, and when he's exhausted just knock him over. The Soviets didn't succeed based on their brilliance on the battlefield. They did so because they let the Germans expended themselves for little real gain. Germany's industry wasn't structured for superior military output. The Soviets moved their industry to the Urals and allowed the Germans to take territory in exchange. Once the Germans were spent, the Soviets launched their successful counter-offensive and didn't stop until they got to Poland. They let the Polish Underground and Retreating Wehrmacht fight it out before continuing on to Germany.

They went through hell. They deserve a place in history just as much as the men who landed at Normandy.

If you look at the history, the expansion of Germany ended in early 42. Just after the Americans helped the British stop them in North Africa.

These posts show that perceptions of the War are sill quite immediate. I do not think that the erstwhile USSR merely exhausted the Nais. If you look at the course of the War on the Eastern front. the German aarmy in 42 was within artillery range of Moscow. One does not wait for the enemy to arrive at the very gfate in order to exhaust him.. Unfortunately, historians, both American and Russians, have read into the history of World War II, the on set of the Cold War. In other words, allowed their interpretations of W W II to be clouded by theirm distaste for the Cold War. This however does not mean that we can just push the 27 million Soviets who died under the carpet. I will concede, that this figure 27 million, includes the 6 or 7 million that the Communist fiend Staslin killed in cold blood. Even so the stupendous cost of the war is sobering.

There is another point to all this which President Bush's sppeech at Riga raises: Dis Churchill want the Germans and Soviet Union to destroy themselves in mutual annimosity so that his empire is safe. This line of reasoning comes close to a couter factual in history and no self respecting historian will entertain such ideas about the writing of history. One cannot but be suspicious when we look at the long history of how Britain allowed Nais and Germans breach the Paris Treaty without even a whimper of protest. It would have served the interests of both the USA and Gt Britain had the two i.e. USSR and Germany engaged in mutual destruction. One would hate to admit it but, Stalin saw through this and ensured that when the hour of crisis came, he could not be alone. This argument is fleshed out in Issac Deutcher boigraphy of Stalin.

One does not wait for the enemy to arrive at the very gfate in order to exhaust him.. If you have even tried to study the history of Russia, you would see the total inaccuracy of that statement

In case of both these invasions,winter set in early. It is often sais that General Winter was responsible for the defeat both of Napoleon and Hitler. There is no way a military strategist can factor in this imponderable in his military plan, and that is why I say that it was not intentional to allow the enemy comne so close.