2) I get the feeling starbases have weakened. I had 2 starbases beside eachother as TEC Loyalists and they got owned without even taking out a significant portion of the enemy fleet. Is this just me?
Were they upgraded? Two starbases with max hull/weapons, even without docking booms, a couple repair platforms, and a few close hangers upgraded with flak turrents as damage sponges/AA, all as close as possible to a planet to try to defend it is how I usually go. A few bombers for anything that outranges them, and I've had that set up hold against respectable, titan fleets fine. Both TEC or Advent.
Unless you're playing versus a player, or a horde of Ogrovs, I'm surprised. Some advent abilities maybe? I'd be curious for some more details on the situation. Even without the defense fleet I have a few worlds away, a pair of starbases aren't something that should be brushed aside.
EDIT: A lamer, AI exclusive "tip". If the bottleneck is really a high threat area, and it has to hold... Park an Akkan behind the starbases. Not only does it usually get prioritized higher, drawing in more attention toward it and through the starbase fire, but with a couple levels of targetting uplink, the starbases can outrange an Ogrov. Ion bolt helps mitigate as well. As EXP comes quick when there is actual fighting, you should always try to leave SOME capital in the grav well if you cant. Throw in whatever other tactical slot structures you want, say twin docking bays for 100% uptime, and you have a freakishly tough nut (for the AI) to crack. A player with a brain would probably eventually wreck it without fleet support, though. Booo, brains.