Hi!
How do I make my ships go further out from colonys?
1) Colonize more, and further.
2) Build starbases. To build them further away, put on specialized constructors more Life supports, or upgrade them to a version with less engines and more life supports, when they get to their range limit.
3) I discourage using Life supports on warships. There's never enough space on them even for warfaring items. Use Econ starbases in the middle of your opponent's space to extend your range. If it survives, you can use it to boost production on newly-taken planets. Just remeber
you must take at least one planet there when the war starts, so you don't lose the range if SB is destroyed. OFC more planets taken is better.
BR, Iztok